Best Nootropic Energy Snack Bars to Boost Daily Brainpower

Are you in the market for a brain-boosting energy bar? You’ve found the ultimate resource on the topic. In this guide, we’re going to go into what this exciting new functional food category can do for you.

We’ll cover the top ingredients and features to look for in energy nootropic bars. And of course, we’ll talk about the best nootropic energy snack bar to boost daily brain function in detail. But for now, a quick summary:

Best Energy Nootropic Snack Bar on the Market Right Now: Nutropic®

Nutropic® are today’s smartest snack bars. They start with Norwegian black oats, golden flaxseed, fruits, nuts and natural sweeteners. Nutropic® bars add brain-boosting nootropics next: Omega-3 DHA (from algae), Choline, Phosphatidylserine (PS), vitamins, minerals and prebiotic fiber. The resulting benefits:

• Natural energy: Slow-burn carbs + cell chargers for a long-lasting boost
• Appetite control: Slow-digesting fiber sources for long-lasting satisfaction
• Sharp brain function: Supports memory, focus, attention, motivation, clarity
• Great taste: Apple Cinnamon, Raisin Almond, Salted Caramel, Maple Pecan
• Good fats: Brain-healthy Omega-3s from oats, flaxseed and marine algae
• Clean: No artificial colors or preservatives. Gluten free, no caffeine, soy or additives
• Quality: By makers of Mind Lab Pro®, the world’s #1 proven brain supplement

Get Nutropic® NOW

We’re going to detail Nutropic at the end of this article. But first, let’s deep-dive nootropic energy bars.

What is a Nootropic Energy Snack Bar?

Who doesn’t love a snack bar? A good one is a delicious treat that satisfied your sweet tooth. But they're also nutrient-dense, and super convenient to toss in a gym bag, pocket, backpack or purse.

Plus, they are healthier, faster and far more cost-effective than other convenience foods when you consider nutrient density per serving and the time you save.

Nootropic energy bars are the evolution of snack bars.

They combine macronutrient energy sources found in a healthy diet (nuts, whole grains, healthy fats, dried fruits, etc.) with natural energy boosters and brain nutrients (“nootropics”) usually seen in supplements.

As a result, the best nootropic energy bars don’t just satisfy your appetite – they produce vitality and brain power results you feel right away, while also building health over time.

These bars can help all people from all walks of life to enhance brain function and perform better at everything they do. For example, they can serve as:

• A smarter study-break snack for students; feeds the brain faster, easier and better than junk food
• A mid-morning snack break that can prime professionals for peak cognitive performance all day
• A pre-workout snack to help maintain focus and energy through workouts

Let’s now take a closer look at how a best-in-class nootropic energy snack bar is designed.

Nootropic Energy Bar Ingredients

A great nootropic energy bar must have great ingredients. We’re looking for brain food: energizing, ingredients that boost cognitive function and taste awesome! They can include:

1. Functional foods for clean, long-lasting, stim-free energy;

2. Natural nootropics for sharp mental performance;

3. Essential micronutrients for energy, cognition and health;

4. Natural flavors & sweeteners that deliver nutritional value

Let’s now discuss the top ingredients in these categories that are found in today’s best energy nootropic bars, and how the top bar improves brain function.

FUNCTIONAL FOODS

OATS: Appetite Satisfaction, Slow-Burning Energy + Gut Support

The brain prefers to run on carbs. Especially complex carbohydrates with a low glycemic index, like oats. Also known as “slow carbs,” complex carbs in oats are a great brain food: they are quite filling and can satisfy your appetite and stop distracting hunger pangs.

Oats are one of the best ingredients to look for in nootropic energy bars because they support:

• Appetite control and blood sugar balance, keeps you fuller for longer (1)
• A steadier, more sustained energy lift than what simple carbs deliver (2)

A bar that satisfies your appetite and maintains your energy levels with oats can really help keep you on track. But oats’ benefits don’t stop there.

Oats supply a special prebiotic fiber called Beta-glucan ((β-glucan) that benefits overall health, beyond energy and brainpower. For example, oats help with digestion and weight loss, and are especially awesome for heart health.(3)

As great as oats are, some forms are so highly processed that they are made terrible! For example, whole oats have a low glycemic index of 55 while instant oatmeal has a high glycemic index of 75.

The best nootropic energy bars will include oats in whole, organic form to deliver the grain’s greatest nutritional benefits.

Tip: Norwegian Black Oats supply more antioxidants and brain-healthy Omega-3 fatty acids than regular oats.(4)

FLAXSEED: Plant-based source of brain-healthy Omega-3 fatty acids

The brain loves good fats, especially Omega-3 fatty acids. But one analysis of 10+ years of nutrition intake data found most people fail to get enough Omega-3s.(5)

Flaxseed easily makes our top ingredients list for nootropic energy bars because it has exceptionally high levels of the good fats Omega-3s, including ALA (which boosts Omega-3 EPA and DHA). It also supplies fiber, high quality protein, potassium, calcium, magnesium, B-complex vitamins and active nutrients called lignans.(6)

Researchers have linked flaxseed to a range of metabolic benefits, including support for brain health, blood sugar balance, weight loss and blood cholesterol balance.(7)

As an energy source, it’s worth noting that flaxseed’s good fiber content gives it a low glycemic index score of 35. The fiber in flaxseed delays gastric emptying and blunts any blood sugar spike. In the context of an energy bar, this means steady, slow-release energy that doesn’t crash.

Flaxseed is also great for energizing nootropic bars because it tastes good! Flaxseeds’ crispy texture and nutty flavor work well in many food bar flavors and formats.

PREBIOTIC FIBER: Satisfies appetite and boosts gut probiotic colony

Oats and flaxseed as whole grains both supply prebiotic fiber, which is another great type of ingredient to look for in an energizing nootropic bar.

Prebiotic fiber nourishes the colony of beneficial bacteria in your gut called the microbiome.(8) By feeding your microbiome, prebiotic fiber can promote all the benefits associated with probiotics, including:

1. Energy Benefits: A robust growth spurt of well-fed probiotics helps efficiently break down foods so they can be converted into energy (9)

2. Brain Benefits: The microbiome is known as the “second brain,” and may support mental health, especially in the context of mood (10)

As a bonus, prebiotic fiber adds sweetness and creamy texture to nootropic bars. It is a true functional food in that regard, providing taste satisfaction and steady energy that helps you eat less and accomplish more in your day.

Some natural prebiotic fiber sources you might find in top nootropic energy bars include:

• Dried fruits, including raisins, dates and date products
• Apples, known for supplying the prebiotic fiber pectin
• Whole grains including oats, flaxseed, bran and barley
• Bananas, one of the best sources of natural prebiotics
• Coconut chips; coconut fiber supplies prebiotics

Tip: Chicory root is one example of a great prebiotic fiber source to look for in nootropic energy bars. Chicory root supplies a special prebiotic fiber called Inulin-FOS (inulin + fructooligosaccharides), which selectively feeds the Bifidobacterium gut probiotics that help energy and cognitive function.(11)

Coconut Oil / MCT Oil: Fast fuel to help energize the brain

Did you know coconuts can be considered a brain food? Coconut oil is a natural source of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), a type of fat that serves as an efficient energy source for the human body. Both coconut oil and MCTs may be seen in top nootropic energy bars.

MCTs bypass digestion and proceed directly to the liver where they are converted into ketone bodies. Ketones in turn deliver an “alternative fuel” for the brain and body plus a lot of benefits that are perfect for a nootropic bar:

• Absorb fast, and energize the body quickly like a sugar does
• Help vitality and exercise by boosting cells’ powerhouse mitochondria (12)
• Support appetite control and feelings of fullness
• Promote a healthy gut by nourishing the microbiome

Ultimately, MCTs from coconut oil are of the cleanest sources for supplying fuel to our body naturally supporting energy production

Some other smart functional foods to consider in nootropic bars:

• Pumpkin seeds: Supply good fats and essential vitamins and trace minerals
• Chia seeds: A natural source of fiber and omega-3 fatty acids for brain power
• Sunflower seeds: Supply nootropic phosphatidylserine (PS) and vitamin E

NOOTROPICS (BRAIN BOOSTERS)

Natural nootropics (sometimes called smart drugs, though they are technically not drugs) are the ingredients in energy bars that help maximize brain potential. That means they can help improve memory, improve cognitive function and otherwise optimize brain performance and boost brainpower.

Phosphatidylserine (PS): Nootropic for memory and brain energy

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is the first of our flat-out nootropic “brain boosters.” It can be a little challenging to get nootropics into an energy bar, because many of them taste bad!

PS, however, is more than palatable when sourced from sunflowers. This is a bonus for anyone seeking cognitive benefits from an energy bar – because Phosphatidylserine (PS) may be the best nootropic to improve memory.

Researchers report that PS may enhance:(13)

• Short-term memory formation
• Long-term memory consolidation
• Memory creation and retrieval
• Learning-related memory

It’s also a performance-enhancer and has been studied for its potential to help people to do better at athletics and sports including golf.(14) In that regard, it could be a great solution to anybody seeking a snack bar to enjoy before (or during!) a training session, match, game or other.

DHA (Algae): Top Omega-3 for supporting long-range brain health

Of the Omega-3 fatty acids we mentioned earlier, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may offer the most positive effects for the brain.

DHA plays a key role in early brain development and remains important for brain health in older adults. Low levels of this nutrient are linked to cognitive decline, while regular DHA intake is linked to reduced risk of cognitive impairment.

When it comes to the brain and cognitive function, DHA has been associated with improvements in attention, memory, mental flexibility, mood and overall brain health.(15) It’s a good choice for bars that helps cognition, especially.

Modern nootropic energy snack bars can deliver this fatty acid in vegan form, often from clean-grown, eco-friendly marine algae.

Choline: Brain “building block” for memory, clarity & long-range brain health

Choline is a nutrient related to B vitamins that is used to make acetylcholine, a key brain chemical required to help you stay focused, as well as helping memory and overall cognitive performance. When levels are low, issues with memory recall and learning seem to manifest.(16)

Choline is also a “building block” involved in processes that help to create, repair and maintain brain cell membranes, so it is good for overall brain health. According to The National Institutes of Health, most people do not get adequate choline intake.(17)

Vitamins & Minerals: Essential for cell energy and a brain healthy diet

Most people are falling short on key vitamins and minerals, including those required for cell energy, cognitive performance and general health of the central nervous system. Some to look for in nootropic bars include:

• Vitamin D3: Sunshine vitamin and essential nutrient for long-range brain health (18)
• Vitamin K2: Helps protect brain cell structure and function (19)
• B vitamins: (Riboflavin, B6, Niacin, B12, Folate): Supports brain chemicals, energy, and blood flow (20)
• Magnesium: Supports mood balance, brain chemicals, cell energy (21)

Other nootropic ingredients to consider:

• Lion's mane: A traditional mushroom, lion's mane has nootropic properties that help mood and clarity. Look for organic, full-spectrum lion's mane mushroom extract.
• Green tea: Supplies L-Theanine, a nootropic to help enhance cognition, as well as brain-protective antioxidants. Green tea also has a pleasing flavor, and may be labeled as matcha.

SMART SWEETENERS & GREAT FLAVORS

At the end of the day, a nootropic energy snack bar has got to taste good. But the best of these bars refuse to use low-grade, nutritionally empty sweeteners and flavors to please the palate.

Instead, the best nootropic energy bars use functional flavors and sweeteners that taste great, but also have something beyond taste to contribute. Some examples to consider:

• Date syrup: Sweet and flavorful; supplies minerals magnesium, phosphorus and zinc along with cell-protective antioxidants (22)

• Prebiotic Fiber Syrup: Natural sweetener, often sourced from chicory root that is especially effective at nourishing good bacteria in the gut (23)
• Cinnamon: Adds flavor while also helping to regulate blood sugar responses (24)
• Himalayan pink salt or sea salt: Enhances flavor while adding valuable trace minerals and energy-conducting electrolytes
• Dark chocolate: Supplies antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activity that may protect brain function. Look for fair trade chocolate. Dark chocolate also lends great flavor to any bar.(25)

Did you know? Another reason to avoid artificial sweeteners in your snack bar is that they may disrupt the colony of beneficial bacteria in your gut (the microbiome).(26) A disrupted microbiome is associated with brain fog, mood swings and mental health conditions, which is really the opposite of what a nootropic energy bar is supposed to do.

DOES PROTEIN BELONG IN A NOOTROPIC ENERGY BAR?

The short answer? Not really.

The current recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8 g protein per kilogram of body weight per day for adults. However, much higher protein intake is favored for muscle gain and fat loss.

The problem is that too much protein intake may be bad for your health. Specifically, excessive protein intake has been linked to problems for bone strength, kidney health, immune function and cardiovascular wellness.(27)

Nootropic energy bars are for brainpower and daily vitality – not for building muscle.

The best bars in the category will use their calories for benefits the user are looking for. As a result, the macro splits on the best nootropic energy bars for daily brainpower will focus on brain-healthy fats and vitality-boosting carbs, while protein takes a back seat.

Quality Features

We’ve come a long way from the snack bars of yesteryear. You know the ones. Cheap granola bars loaded with sugar, artificial ingredients, preservatives and genetically modified ingredients. High in calories and low in nutrients. Today’s consumer is way more discerning about quality. Some important quality features to look for in nootropic energy bars include:

• Researched – Not all bars have science-backed energy- and brain-boosters
• Vegan-friendly – Plant-based bars are the most popular these days
• Clean label – this means no artificial additives, preservatives, colors, gluten free
• Eco-friendly – Sustainable packaging and ingredients
• Transparent – Labels must list all ingredients’ doses; no proprietary blends
• Natural – Whole foods, minimally processed, no genetically modified ingredients
• Ethical – Manufacturers that make a difference and advocate for health for all

Now that we’ve covered many of the ingredients and features found in the best nootropic energy bars, let’s take a closer look at our #1 pick for the entire category: Nutropic Bars.

Best Nootropic Energy Snack Bar: Nu:tropic®

Nutropic is the one nootropic energy snack bar that ticks all the boxes we’re looking for. It is now redefining health food and convenience food in one game-changing bar – helping people to think quicker, work harder, play better and live smarter. All while delivering a satisfying sensory experience that simply feels good.

The Nutropic bars taste experience:

Nutropic bars are rich, nutty and buttery with notes of caramel and a smooth, soft texture. Nutropic flavors include Apple + Cinnamon, Raisin + Almond, Salted Caramel, Maple + Pecan. All flavors are natural and organic. There's even a variety pack so you can try all the flavors at once.

Because of the way these bars are crafted, they taste great! But that’s not all. They also satisfy hunger super effectively. You feel full for hours. So you can stay energized and focused without the distraction of hunger pangs.

Benefits for Brain Functions

Nutropic clears hunger-induced brain fog and moodiness as soon as you enjoy it! But that’s just the beginning. Its brain-boosting nootropics support

• Enhanced memory: Short- and long-term, recall, learning
• Sharper focus, concentration, attention and clarity
• Improved mental energy and motivation
• Optimized overall cognitive processing

Energy Benefits

Nutropic bars deliver an energy boost without caffeine or stim. To achieve this, the bars feature slow-burning complex carbs plus micronutrients for cell energy.

• A gentle rise in energy that sustains for a long time and comes down gradually
• Blood sugar balance support: Low sugar, helps keep energy smooth and steady. No crash!
• Clean, stim-free vitality. No caffeine, so it feels more natural and clear-headed.
• Cell energy support. Includes support for cells mitochondria “power plants.”

Nutropic Ingredients (Apple Raisin flavor only, as an example)

These bars emphasize clean, wholesome and natural ingredients that are loaded with nutrients to help with energy, brainpower and appetite satisfaction:

Norwegian organic black oats, dates, golden flaxseed, chicory syrup, coconut oil, dried apple & apple juice concentrate, Omega-3, choline, phosphatidylserine (PS), B-Vtamins, Magnesium, Vitamin D3, Cinnamon, Himalayan pink salt

Quality notes:

Nu:tropic was made by the minds behind Mind Lab Pro®, the world’s top clinically proven brain supplement; and the Performance Lab® supplement line. Like these brands, Nu:tropic is:

• Science-based: Research-backed ingredients for optimizing brain function
• 3X Omega-3: Brain-healthy Omega-3s from oats, flaxseed and algae
• User friendly: Makes it easy to get your daily hit of essential brain nutrients
• Clean: No artificial stuff, dairy free, non-GMO, no gluten, no soy and no additives
• Eco-Conscious: Sustainable and biodegradable; Earth-first philosophy
• Guilt-free: Appetite-satisfying and delicious, but low in calories and sugar

Get the Best Deal on Nu:Tropic NOW

Supplements to Stack with Nootropic Energy Bars

Nootropic bars like Nutropic can help boost brain power in many ways. But you can boost mental output even more by stacking on some brain supplements, too. Nutropic's sister brand, Performance Lab®, supplies several formulas that stack beautifully with bars:

Performance Lab® MCT

To maintain energized performance, the brain needs clean fuel like Performance Lab® MCT oil. Supplying beneficial C8+C10 MCTs only, from 100% organic non-GMO coconuts and 3X distilled, it’s a great performance fuel to take with your energizing nootropic bar.

• Optimizes and protects brain cells’ powerhouse mitochondria
• Promotes mind-body vitality during intense mental and physical exercise
• Neuroprotective support for long-range brain health and mental clarity

Learn More About Performance Lab® MCT

Performance Lab® Prebiotic

Remember how we listed foods with prebiotic fiber that you might find in nootropic energy bars? Well, you can also take prebiotic fiber supplement along with your nootropic energy bar to give it a little boost.

Performance Lab® Prebiotic delivers Orafti® Synergy1 (Inulin-FOS from chicory root), in a dose of 1.7 g of fiber in each serving.

Performance Lab® Prebiotic boosts cognitive enhancement in the body’s “second brain” – the gut – adding a novel pathway of support for mood, motivation, satisfaction and more. It also helps with appetite satisfaction, reinforcing a big benefit of Nutropic bars.

Learn More About Performance Lab® Prebiotic

Performance Lab® Mind

Performance Lab® Mind supplies formidable doses of 4 top nootropics into one formula: Cognizin® Citicoline, 250 mg; Sharp-PS® Green (Phosphatidylserine), 100 mg; Ajipure® L-Tyrosine, 250 mg and Maritime Pine Bark Extract (95% proanthocyanidins), 75 mg.

Performance Lab® Mind enhances brain power and mental endurance very effectively. But it stands apart from other formulas because it is also one of the only ones that helps you recover mentally from intense cognition, all while feeding your brain for long-term health. If you want a supplement to stack with your nootropic bar, this one helps:

• Optimize your attention, motivation, focus, mood balance and memory
• Enhance brain oxygenation & nutrient delivery for an extra energy boost
• Support sharp mental performance under stress, pressure and multitasking

Learn More About Performance Lab® Mind

Conclusion

If you're looking for a great nootropic energy snack bar, there are many options on the market for you. Just consider the tastes alone; flavors like chocolate sea salt, almond butter chip, peanut butter chip... there's plenty of variety to choose from.

But if you want one bar that does it all, Nutropic is the only real choice.

It's easy to incorporate into your daily diet, but can have a profound effect on your cognition, vitality and health... every single day.

 References

1. Shehzad A, Rabail R, Munir S, Jan H, Fernández-Lázaro D, Aadil RM. Impact of Oats on Appetite Hormones and Body Weight Management: A Review. Curr Nutr Rep. 2023 Mar;12(1):66-82. doi: 10.1007/s13668-023-00454-3. Epub 2023 Feb 15. PMID: 36790719; PMCID: PMC9930024.

2. Holesh JE, Aslam S, Martin A. Physiology, Carbohydrates. [Updated 2023 May 12]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan.

3. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/food-features/oats/

4. https://www.agriculturejournals.cz/pdfs/cjf/2008/03/02.pdf

5. Thompson M, Hein N, Hanson C, Smith LM, Anderson-Berry A, Richter CK, Stessy Bisselou K, Kusi Appiah A, Kris-Etherton P, Skulas-Ray AC, Nordgren TM. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003⁻2014. Nutrients. 2019 Jan 15;11(1):177. doi: 10.3390/nu11010177. PMID: 30650613; PMCID: PMC6356780.

6. Kajla P, Sharma A, Sood DR. Flaxseed-a potential functional food source. J Food Sci Technol. 2015 Apr;52(4):1857-71. doi: 10.1007/s13197-014-1293-y. Epub 2014 Feb 28. PMID: 25829567; PMCID: PMC4375225.

7. Parikh M, Maddaford TG, Austria JA, Aliani M, Netticadan T, Pierce GN. Dietary Flaxseed as a Strategy for Improving Human Health. Nutrients. 2019 May 25;11(5):1171. doi: 10.3390/nu11051171. PMID: 31130604; PMCID: PMC6567199.

8. Schroeder BO, Birchenough GMH, Ståhlman M, Arike L, Johansson MEV, Hansson GC, Bäckhed F. Bifidobacteria or Fiber Protects against Diet-Induced Microbiota-Mediated Colonic Mucus Deterioration. Cell Host Microbe. 2018 Jan 10;23(1):27-40.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.11.004. Epub 2017 Dec 21. PMID: 29276171; PMCID: PMC5764785.

9. Heiss CN, Olofsson LE. Gut Microbiota-Dependent Modulation of Energy Metabolism. J Innate Immun. 2018;10(3):163-171. doi: 10.1159/000481519. Epub 2017 Nov 8. PMID: 29131106; PMCID: PMC6757175.

10. Clapp M, Aurora N, Herrera L, Bhatia M, Wilen E, Wakefield S. Gut microbiota's effect on mental health: The gut-brain axis. Clin Pract. 2017 Sep 15;7(4):987. doi: 10.4081/cp.2017.987. PMID: 29071061; PMCID: PMC5641835.

11. García-Peris P, Velasco C, Lozano MA, Moreno Y, Paron L, de la Cuerda C, Bretón I, Camblor M, García-Hernández J, Guarner F, Hernández M. Effect of a mixture of inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide on Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium intestinal microbiota of patients receiving radiotherapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr Hosp. 2012 Nov-Dec;27(6):1908-15. doi: 10.3305/nh.2012.27.6.5992. PMID: 23588438.

12. Wang Y, Liu Z, Han Y, Xu J, Huang W, Li Z. Medium Chain Triglycerides enhances exercise endurance through the increased mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. PLoS One. 2018 Feb 8;13(2):e0191182. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191182. PMID: 29420554; PMCID: PMC5805166.

13. Glade MJ, Smith K. Phosphatidylserine and the human brain. Nutrition. 2015 Jun;31(6):781-6. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.10.014. Epub 2014 Nov 4. PMID: 25933483.

14. Jäger R, Purpura M, Geiss KR, Weiß M, Baumeister J, Amatulli F, Schröder L, Herwegen H. The effect of phosphatidylserine on golf performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2007 Dec 4;4:23. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-4-23. PMID: 18053194; PMCID: PMC2217563.

15. Weiser MJ, Butt CM, Mohajeri MH. Docosahexaenoic Acid and Cognition throughout the Lifespan. Nutrients. 2016 Feb 17;8(2):99. doi: 10.3390/nu8020099. PMID: 26901223; PMCID: PMC4772061.

16. Hasselmo ME. The role of acetylcholine in learning and memory. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2006 Dec;16(6):710-5. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2006.09.002. Epub 2006 Sep 29. PMID: 17011181; PMCID: PMC2659740.

17. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Choline-HealthProfessional

18. Anjum I, Jaffery SS, Fayyaz M, Samoo Z, Anjum S. The Role of Vitamin D in Brain Health: A Mini Literature Review. Cureus. 2018 Jul 10;10(7):e2960. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2960. PMID: 30214848; PMCID: PMC6132681.

19. Popescu A, German M. Vitamin K2 Holds Promise for Alzheimer's Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients. 2021 Jun 27;13(7):2206. doi: 10.3390/nu13072206. PMID: 34199021; PMCID: PMC8308377.

20. Kennedy DO. B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy--A Review. Nutrients. 2016 Jan 27;8(2):68. doi: 10.3390/nu8020068. PMID: 26828517; PMCID: PMC4772032.

21. Tarleton EK, Littenberg B, MacLean CD, Kennedy AG, Daley C. Role of magnesium supplementation in the treatment of depression: A randomized clinical trial. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 27;12(6):e0180067. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180067. PMID: 28654669; PMCID: PMC5487054.

22. Aljaloud, S. , Colleran, H. and Ibrahim, S. (2020) Nutritional Value of Date Fruits and Potential Use in Nutritional Bars for Athletes. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 11, 463-480. doi: 10.4236/fns.2020.116034.

23. Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Plaza-Díaz J, Sáez-Lara MJ, Gil A. Effects of Sweeteners on the Gut Microbiota: A Review of Experimental Studies and Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr. 2019 Jan 1;10(suppl_1):S31-S48. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy037. Erratum in: Adv Nutr. 2020 Mar 1;11(2):468. PMID: 30721958; PMCID: PMC6363527.

24. Kizilaslan N, Erdem NZ. The Effect of Different Amounts of Cinnamon Consumption on Blood Glucose in Healthy Adult Individuals. Int J Food Sci. 2019 Mar 4;2019:4138534. doi: 10.1155/2019/4138534. PMID: 30949494; PMCID: PMC6425402.

25. Samanta S, Sarkar T, Chakraborty R, Rebezov M, Shariati MA, Thiruvengadam M, Rengasamy KRR. Dark chocolate: An overview of its biological activity, processing, and fortification approaches. Curr Res Food Sci. 2022 Oct 15;5:1916-1943. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.017. PMID: 36300165; PMCID: PMC9589144.

26. Shil A, Chichger H. Artificial Sweeteners Negatively Regulate Pathogenic Characteristics of Two Model Gut Bacteria, E. coli and E. faecalis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May 15;22(10):5228. doi: 10.3390/ijms22105228. PMID: 34063332; PMCID: PMC8156656.

27. Delimaris I. Adverse Effects Associated with Protein Intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Adults. ISRN Nutr. 2013 Jul 18;2013:126929. doi: 10.5402/2013/126929. PMID: 24967251; PMCID: PMC4045293.